What are the Health Benefits of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum annuum)? Introduction India is the world’s largest producer, consumer and exporter of chilli Chili peppers. There are more than 400 varieties of chilly available all over the world. The different varieties and stages of maturity have a great effect on their pungency, shape, size and colour. It is the third most important crop of the Solanaceae family (after tomato and potato. Kingdom – Plantae Family – Solanaceae Botanical Name – Capsicum